SnowMIP2
Questionnaire |
|
|
|
What
is the name of your model? |
|
|
|
|
|
What
are the main applications of your model |
|
|
Climate modelling |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Meteorological forecasting |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Meteorological research |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Hydrological
forecasting |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Hydrological research |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Avalanche forecasting |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Avalanche research |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. CANOPY PROCESSES |
|
|
|
1.1
Are the canopy and the ground represented as separate model layers? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
If yes, how many
layers are there in the canopy? |
|
|
|
|
|
1.2
What type of scheme is used for canopy transmission of shortwave
radiation? |
|
No SW transmission |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Beer's law |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Two-stream approximation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
|
|
1.3 Which
quantities does canopy transmissivity depend on? |
|
|
Canopy type |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf angle distribution |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy closure |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy clumping |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Intercepted snow load |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Solar elevation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
|
|
1.4
Which quantities does canopy albedo depend on? |
|
|
|
Canopy type |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf angle distribution |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy closure |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy clumping |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Intercepted snow load |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Solar elevation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Fraction of snowcover |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.5
Are multiple reflections between the canopy and the ground included? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
|
1.6
What type of scheme is used for canopy transmission of longwave
radiation? |
|
No LW transmission |
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
Beer's law |
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
Two-stream approximation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.7
What value is used for canopy longwave emissivity? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.8
Which quantities does sub-canopy downward longwave radiation depend on? |
|
Canopy skin temperature |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy bulk temperature |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Above-canopy LW radiation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Sky view fraction |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy closure |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.9
Does the canopy intercept falling snow? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
1.10 Which
quantities does interception rate depend on? |
|
|
Canopy type |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Existing snow load |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snowfall rate |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.11 Which
quantities does canopy capacity depend on? |
|
|
Canopy type |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Clumping |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.12
Is the same canopy capacity used for snow and liquid water? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
If no, please comment on
the difference: |
|
|
|
|
|
1.13
Which processes remove snow from the canopy? |
|
|
Unloading of snow |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Sublimation of snow |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Drip of meltwater |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.14
Which quantities does the unloading rate depend on? |
|
|
Intercepted snow load |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Air temperature |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy temperature |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Windspeed |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.15
Are sensible heat fluxes to / from sub-canopy snow represented? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
1.16
Are latent heat fluxes to / from sub-canopy snow represented? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
1.17
Which quantities do sub-canopy turbulent fluxes depend on? |
|
|
Canopy height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy roughness length |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Surface roughness length |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Displacement height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy closure |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Stability (Obukhov length) |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Stability (Richardson no.) |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.18
Which quantities do above-canopy turbulent fluxes depend on? |
|
|
Canopy height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy roughness length |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Surface roughness length |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Displacement height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy closure |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Stability (Obukhov length) |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Stability (Richardson no.) |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.19
Does the canopy energy balance include a heat capacity? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
1.20
Which quantities does canopy heat capacity depend on? |
|
|
Canopy type |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Canopy height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Leaf area index |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Intercepted snow load |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Intercepted liquid load |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
1.21
Does the canopy energy balance include snowmelt? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
2. SNOW PROCESSES |
|
|
|
2.1
Is snow on the ground represented by one or more distinct model layers? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
|
2.2 How many layers
are there in the snow model? |
|
|
Maximum |
|
|
|
Minimum |
|
|
|
|
|
2.3
Are the following snow properties variable in time? |
|
|
Albedo |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Density |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Heat capacity |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Thermal conductivity |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Porosity |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Liquid water content |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Surface roughness |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Grain size |
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
|
2.4
Which quantities does snow albedo depend on? |
|
|
Snow depth |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snow temperature |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snow age |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snow grain size |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snow grain shape |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Liquid water content |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snow contaminants |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snow-free albedo |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Solar elevation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
2.5
Does fresh snowfall have a fixed density? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
If yes, what is the fixed density? |
|
|
|
2.6
Which quantities does fresh snow density depend on? |
|
|
Air temperature |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Windspeed |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
|
|
2.7 Is a snowcover fraction
calculated? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
2.8
Which quantities does snowcover fraction depend on? |
|
|
Snow depth |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Surface roughness |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Vegetation type |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Vegetation height |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
2.9
Are separate energy balances calculated for snow and snow-free ground? |
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
2.10
Is heat advected to the snowpack by the following processes? |
|
|
Rainfall |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snowfall |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Drip of canopy water |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Unloading of canopy snow |
|
Y / N |
|
|
2.11
Can the snowpack retain liquid water? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
2.12
Can liquid water freeze within the snowpack? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
3. SOIL PROCESSES |
|
|
3.1
Did you use the soil temperature and moisture data provided to initialize
your model? |
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
|
3.2
Did you use the soil texture information provided? |
|
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
|
3.3
Are heat tranfers between snow and soil modelled? |
|
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
3.4
How many layers are there in the soil model? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.5
Is soil freezing represented? |
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
|
3.6
If you returned surface layer soil temperature, what is the layer
thickness? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.7
If you returned surface layer soil moisture, what is the layer
thickness? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. DRIVING DATA |
|
4.1
Which of the supplied drinving data are required by your model? |
|
|
Incoming LW radiation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Incoming SW radiation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Snowfall rate |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Rainfall rate |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Air temperature |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Wind speed |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Relative humidity |
|
Y / N |
|
|
4.2
List any driving data that are required by your model but were not supplied |
|
|
|
|
4.3
Did you use the snowfall exactly as specified in the driving data? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
If not, please describe
how precipitation was partitioned into snow and rain |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.4
Are separate direct and diffuse shortwave radiation required by your model? |
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
If yes, how did you
partition the total shortwave radiation supplied in the forcing data? |
|
|
|
|
4.5
Is shortwave radiation in spectral bands required by your model? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
If yes, how did you
partition the total shortwave radiation supplied in the forcing data? |
|
|
|
|
|
5. CALIBRATION |
|
5.1
Did you use the SWE data provided to calibrate your model? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
5.2
Which objective function or method did you use? |
|
|
Average error |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Root mean square error |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Correlation |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency |
|
Y / N |
|
|
Other? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.3
Alptal calibration |
|
|
|
|
Describe the parameters
you changed and give chosen values for Alp_for_0203 |
|
|
|
|
Did you
transfer these parameter values to Alp_for_0304? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
Did any of these
parameter changes influence the Alp_opn simulations? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
5.4
BERMS calibration |
|
|
|
|
Describe the parameters
you changed and give chosen values for BRM_for_0203 |
|
|
|
|
Did you
transfer these parameter values to BRM_for_0304? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
Did any of these
parameter changes influence the BRM_opn simulations? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
5.5
Fraser calibration |
|
|
|
|
Describe the parameters
you changed and give chosen values for Frs_for_0304 |
|
|
|
|
Did you
transfer these parameter values to Frs_for_0405? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
Did any of these
parameter changes influence the Frs_opn simulations? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
5.6
Hyytiala calibration |
|
|
|
|
Describe the parameters
you changed and give chosen values for Hyy_for_0304 |
|
|
|
|
Did you
transfer these parameter values to Hyy_for_0405? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
Did any of these
parameter changes influence the Hyy_opn simulations? |
|
|
|
Y / N |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.7
Did you change any parameters for Hitsujigaoka simulations based on
experience |
of
calibrating at the other sites? |
|
Y / N |
|
|
If yes, describe the
parameters you changed and give chosen values |
|
|
|
|
|
5.8
Do you have any comments on how easy or useful it was to calibrate your
model? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|