Publications:

2010

Rastetter, E. B., M. Williams, K. L. Griffin, B. L. Kwiatkowski, G. Tomasky, M. J. Potosnak, P. C. Stoy, G. R. Shaver, M. Stieglitz, J. E. Hobbie, and G. W. Kling. in press. Processing Arctic Eddy-Flux Data Using a Simple Carbon-Exchange Model Embedded in the Ensemble Kalman Filter . Ecological Applications.

2009

Alton, P., Fisher, R., Los, S. & Williams, M. (2009) Simulations of global evapotranspiration using semiempirical and mechanistic schemes of plant hydrology. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23 GB4023 .

Mitchard, E. T. A., S. S. Saatchi, I. H. Woodhouse, G. Nangendo, N. S.Ribeiro, M. Williams, C. M. Ryan, S. L. Lewis, T. R. Feldpausch, and P. Meir (2009). Using satellite radar backscatter to predict above-ground woody biomass: A consistent relationship across four different African landscapes , Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L23401, doi:10.1029/2009GL040692.

Hernández-Santana, V, J Martínez-Vilalta, J Martínez-Fernández & M Williams (2009) Evaluating the effect of drier and warmer conditions on water use by Quercus pyrenaica, Forest Ecology and Management 258: 1719-1730.

Stoy, PC, AD Richardson, DD Baldocchi, GG Katul, J Stanovick, MD Mahecha, M Reichstein, M Detto, BE Law, G Wohlfahrt, N Arriga, J Campos, JH McCaughey, L Montagnani, KT Paw U, S Sevanto, and M Williams (2009) Biosphere-atmosphere exchange of CO₂ in relation to climate: a cross-biome analysis across multiple time scales, Biogeosciences, 6, 2297-2312.

Fox, A, M Williams, AD Richardson, D Cameron, JH Gove, T Quaife, D Ricciuto, M Reichstein, E Tomelleri, C Trudinger, MT van Wijk (2009) The REFLEX project: comparing different algorithms and implementations for the inversion of a terrestrial ecosystem model against eddy covariance data, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 149, 1597–1615.

Stoy, PC, M Williams, M Disney, A Prieto-Blanco, B Huntley, R Baxter, & P Lewis (2009) Upscaling as ecological information transfer: a simple framework with application to Arctic ecosystem carbon exchange. Landscape Ecology 24: 971-986.

Williams, M, AD Richardson, M Reichstein, PC Stoy, P Peylin, H Verbeeck, N Carvalhais, M Jung, DY Hollinger, J Kattge, R Leuning, Y Luo, , E Tomelleri, C Trudinger, and Y-P Wang (2009). Improving land surface models with FLUXNET data, Biogeosciences, 6, 1341-1359.

Stoy, PC, M Williams, L Spadavecchia, R Bell, A Prieto-Blanco, J Evans and M T van Wijk (2009) Using information theory to determine optimum pixel size and shape for ecological studies: Aggregating land surface characteristics in Arctic ecosystems. Ecosystems 12: 574-589..

Spadavecchia, L & M. Williams (2009) Can Spatio-Temporal Geostatistical Methods Improve High Resolution Regionalisation of Meteorological Variables? Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 149: 1105-1117.

2008

Hill, TC, M. Williams and J. B. Moncrieff (2008) Modelling feedbacks between a boreal forest and the planetary boundary layer. Journal of Geophysical research 113, D15122.

Metcalfe, DB , P Meir, LEOC Aragão, ACL da Costa, AP Braga, PHL Gonçalves, J de Athaydes Silva Junior, SS de Almeida, LA Dawson, Y Malhi, M Williams (2008) The effects of water availability on root growth and morphology in an Amazon rainforest. Plant and Soil 311, 189-199.

Zeppel, M, C Macinnis-Ng, A Palmer, D Taylor, R Whitley, S Fuentes, I Yunusa, M Williams and D Eamus (2008) An analysis of the sensitivity of sap flux to soil and plant variables assessed for an Australian woodland using SPA. Functional Plant Biology 35:509-520.

Spadavecchia, L, M Williams, R Bell, PC Stoy, B Huntley & MT van Wijk (2008) Topographic Controls on the Leaf Area Index and Plant Functional Type of a Tundra Ecosystem. Journal of Ecology 96: 1238-1251.

Fox, AM, B Huntley, CR Lloyd, M Williams and R Baxter (2008) Net ecosystem exchange over heterogeneous Arctic tundra: Scaling between chamber and eddy covariance measurements, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 22, GB2027

Fisher, RA, M Williams, M de Lourdes Ruivo, A L da Costa & P Meir (2008) Evaluating climatic and edaphic controls on dry season gas exchange at two Amazonian rain forest sites. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 148: 850-861.

Metcalfe D, P Meir, L Aragão, A da Costa, S Almeida, A Braga, P Goncalves, J Athaydes, Y Malhi & M Williams (2008) Sample sizes for estimating key ecosystem characteristics in a tropical terra firme rainforest. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 558–566.

Williams M, Bell R, Spadavecchia L, Street LE, van Wijk MT (2008) Upscaling leaf area index in an Arctic landscape through multi-scale observations. Global Change Biology 14:1517-1530.

Quaife, T, P Lewis, M De Kauwe, M Williams, BE Law, M Disney & P Bowyer (2008) Assimilating Canopy Reflectance data into an Ecosystem Model with an Ensemble Kalman Filter. Remote Sensing of the Environment.111: 1347-1364.

2007

Metcalfe D, M Williams & P Meir (2007) A comparison of methods for converting rhizotron root length measurements into estimates of root mass production per unit ground area. Plant and Soil301: 279-288.

Metcalfe, DN, P Meir, LEOC Aragão, Y Malhi, ACL da Costa, A Braga, PHL Gonçalves, J de Athaydes, SS de Almeida, and M Williams (2007) Factors controlling spatio-temporal variation in carbon dioxide efflux from surface litter, roots and soil organic matter at four rain forest sites in the eastern Amazon. Journal of Geophysical Research 112: G04001, doi:10.1029/2007JG000443.

Fisher RA, M Williams, A Lola da Costa, Y Malhi, RF da Costa, S Almeida and PW Meir (2007) The response of an Eastern Amazonian rain forest to drought stress: Results and modelling analyses from a through-fall exclusion experiment. Global Change Biology 13: 1-18.

Shaver, GR, LE Street, EB Rastetter, MT. van Wijk and M Williams (2007) Functional convergence in regulation of net CO₂ flux in heterogeneous tundra landscapes in Alaska and Sweden. Journal of Ecology 95: 802-817.

Street, LE, GR Shaver, M Williams & MT van Wijk (2007) What is the relationship between changes in canopy leaf area and changes in photosynthetic CO₂ flux in arctic ecosystems? Journal of Ecology 95: 139-150.

Metcalfe, DB, M Williams, LEOC Aragao et al. (2007) A method for extracting plant roots from soil which facilitates rapid sample processing without compromising measurement accuracy. New Phytologist 174: 697-703.

2006

Fisher, RA, M Williams, R Lobo do Vale, A Lola da Costa & P Meir (2006) Evidence from Amazonian forests is consistent with a model of isohydric control of leaf water potential. Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 151-165

Williams, M, LE Street, MT Van Wijk, GR Shaver (2006). Identifying differences in carbon exchange among arctic ecosystem types. Ecosystems 9: 288-304.

2005

Aragao, L.E.O.C., Y. E. Shimabukuro, F. D. B. Espirito Santo and M. Williams (2005) Spatial validation of collection 4 MODIS LAI product in Eastern Amazon. IEEE TGRS 43, 2526- 2534.

Aragao, L.E.O.C., Y.E. Shimabukuro, F.D.B. Espirito Santo & M. Williams (2005). Landscape pattern and spatial variability of leaf area index in Eastern Amazonia. Forest Ecology and Management 211, 240-256.

Van Wijk, M.T. and M. Williams (2005). Optical instruments for measuring leaf area index in low vegetation: application in arctic ecosystems. Ecological Applications 15, 1462-1470.

Williams, M., P.A. Schwarz, B.E. Law, J. Irvine & M. Kurpius (2005). An improved analysis of forest carbon dynamics using data assimilation. Global Change Biology 11, 89-105.

Van Wijk, M.T., M. Williams & G.R. Shaver (2005). Tight coupling between leaf area index and foliage N content in arctic plant communities. Oecologia 142: 421-7

2004

Schwarz, P.A., B. E. Law, M. Williams, J. Irvine, M. Kurpius & D. Moore (2004). Climatic versus biotic constraints on carbon and water fluxes in seasonally drought-affected ponderosa pine ecosystems. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18, GB4007, doi:10.1029/2004GB002234

Winner WE, SC Thomas, JA Berry, BJ Bond, CE Cooper, TM Hinckley, JR Ehleringer, JE Fessenden, B Lamb, S McCarthy, NG McDowell, N Phillips & M Williams (2004). Canopy carbon gain and water use: Analysis of old-growth conifers in the Pacific Northwest. Ecosystems 7: 482-497.

Grace, J. and M. Williams (2004) Understanding and parameterizing the soil-water-atmosphere transfer through vegetation, In: "Unsaturated-zone modeling progress, challenges and applications", edited by R.A. Feddes, G.H.de Rooij & J.C. van Dam. Frontis.

Williams, M., F I Woodward, D D Baldocchi, D Ellsworth (2004) CO₂ capture from the leaf to the landscape, In: "Photosynthetic Adaptation: Chloroplast to Landscape", edited by W.K. Smith, T.C. Vogelmann & C Critchley. Ecological Studies 178, Springer.

Hanson, P.J., J. S. Amthor, S. D. Wullschleger, K. B. Wilson, R. F. Grant, A. Hartley, D. Hui, E. R. Hunt, D. W. Johnson, J. S. Kimball, A. W. King, Y. Luo, S. G. McNulty, G. Sun, P. E. Thornton, S. Wang, M. Williams, D. D. Baldocchi & R. M. Cushman (2004). Carbon and water cycle simulations for an upland oak forest using 13 stand-level models: intermodel comparisons and evaluations against independent measurements. Ecological Monographs 74: 443-489

Van Wijk, M.T., K. E. Clemmensen, G.R. Shaver, M. Williams, et al. (2004) Long-term ecosystem level experiments at Toolik Lake, Alaska, and at Abisko, Northern Sweden: generalisations and differences in ecosystem and plant type responses to global change. Global Change Biology 10: 105-123.

2003

Herbert, D.A., M. Williams, & E. B. Rastetter (2003) A model analysis of N and P limitation on carbon accumulation in Amazonian secondary forest after alternate land-use abandonment. Biogeochemistry 65: 121-150.

Van Wijk, M.T., M. Williams, L. Gough, S. E. Hobbie & G. R. Shaver (2003) Luxury consumption of soil nutrients: a possible competitive strategy in above-ground and below-ground biomass allocation and root morphology for slow-growing arctic vegetation? Journal of Ecology 91: 664-676

Van Wijk, M.T., M. Williams, J.A. Laundre, & G.R. Shaver (2003) Inter-annual variability of plant phenology in tussock tundra: modelling interactions of plant productivity, plant phenology, snowmelt and soil thaw. Global Change Biology, 9: 743-758.

2002

Williams, M., Y.E. Shimabukuro, D.A. Herbert, S. Pardi Lacruz, C. Renno and E.B. Rastetter (2002) Heterogeneity of soils and vegetation in eastern Amazonian rain forest; implications for scaling up biomass and production. Ecosystems, 5: 692-704.

Engel, V.C., M. Stieglitz, M. Williams and K.L. Griffin (2002) Forest canopy hydraulic properties and catchment water balance: observations and modeling. Ecological Modelling 154: 263-288.

2001

Williams, M., Rastetter, E. B., Shaver, G. R., Hobbie, J. E., Carpino, E. and Kwiatkowski, B. L. (2001). Primary production in an arctic watershed; an uncertainty analysis. Ecological Applications 11: 1800-1816.

Williams, M., Bond, B.J., & Ryan M.G. (2001) Evaluating different soil and plant hydraulic constraints on tree function using a model and sap flow data from ponderosa pine. Plant, Cell and Environment 24:679-690.

Williams, M., B. E. Law, P. M. Anthoni & M. Unsworth (2001) Using a simulation model and ecosystem flux data to examine carbon-water interactions in ponderosa pine. Tree Physiology 21: 287-298

2000

Williams, M., W. Eugster, E.B. Rastetter, J.P. McFadden & F.S. Chapin III (2000) The controls on net ecosystem productivity along an arctic transect: a model comparison with flux measurements. Global Change Biology 6: (suppl. 1) 116-126.

Stieglitz, M., A. Giblin, J.E. Hobbie, M. Williams, G. Kling (2000) Effects of climate change and climate variability on the carbon dynamics in Arctic tundra. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 14: 1123-1136

Law, B.E., M. Williams, P.M. Anthoni, D.D. Baldocchi, & M.H. Unsworth (2000) Measuring and modelling seasonal variation of carbon dioxide and water vapour exchange of a Pinus ponderosa forest subject to soil water deficit. Global Change Biology 6: 613-630.

Hobbie, E.A., S. A. Macko & M. Williams (2000) Correlations between foliar nitrogen levels and isotopic ratios indicate possible plant-mycorrhizal interactions. Oecologia 122:272-283.

1999

Williams, M. & E. B. Rastetter (1999) Vegetation characteristics and primary productivity along an arctic transect: implications for scaling up. Journal of Ecology 87: 885-898

Rastetter, E.B., L. Gough, A. E. Hartley, D.A Herbert, K.J. Nadelhoffer & M. Williams (1999) A revised assessment of species redundancy and ecosystem reliability. Conservation Biology13:440-443.

1998

Williams, M., Y. Malhi, A. Nobre, E. B. Rastetter, J. Grace and M.G.P. Pereira (1998) Seasonal variation in net carbon exchange and evapotranspiration in a Brazilian rain forest: a modelling analysis. Plant, Cell and Environment 21: 953-968.

Waring, R.H., J.J. Landsberg and M. Williams (1998) Net primary production of forests: a constant fraction of gross primary production? Tree Physiology 18: 129-134.

Cebrian, J., M. Williams, J. W. McClelland, & I. Valiela (1998) The dependence of heterotrophic consumption and C accumulation on autotrophic nutrient content in ecosystems. Ecology Letters 1:165-170.

1997

Williams, M., E.B Rastetter, D.N Fernandes, M.L. Goulden, G.R. Shaver & L.C. Johnson (1997) Predicting gross primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Ecological Applications 7: 882-894.

1996

Williams, M., E.B. Rastetter, D.N. Fernandes, M.L. Goulden, S.C. Wofsy, G.R. Shaver, J.M. Melillo, J.W. Munger, S.-M. Fan, and K.J. Nadelhoffer (1996) Modelling the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in a Quercus-Acer stand at Harvard Forest: the regulation of stomatal conductance by light, nitrogen and soil/plant hydraulic properties. Plant, Cell and Environment 19: 911-927.

Williams, M. (1996) A three-dimensional model of forest development and competition. Ecological Modelling 89: 73-98.

Williams, M. & R.D. Yanai (1996) Multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis and ecological implications of a nutrient uptake model. Plant and Soil 180: 311-324.