Experimental Publications

Staff publications supported by the Experimental Facility:

Authors based in Edinburgh at the present time are in bold. All publications presented on this page are the result of laboratory-based experimental geoscience investigations.

Shmulovich K. I., Yardley B. W. D., and Graham C. M. (2006) Solubility of quartz in crustal fluids: experiments and general equations for salt solutions and H2O-CO2 mixtures at 400-800 degrees C and 0.1-0.9 GPa. Geofluids 6(2), 154-167.

Wartho J. A., Kelley S. P., and Elphick S.C. (2005) Estimates of Ar diffusion and solubility in leucite and nepheline: Electron microprobe imaging of Ar distribution in a mineral. American Mineralogist 90(5-6), 954-962.

Harley, S.L., 2004. Extending our understanding of ultrahigh temperature crustal metamorphism. J Mineralogical & Petrological Sciences, 99, 140-158.

Harley, S.L. & Thompson, P., (2004). The influence of cordierite on melting and mineral-melt equilibria in UHT metamorphism. Trans. Royal Soc. Edinburgh, 95, 87-98. (Hutton V Volume)

Shmulovich K. I. and Graham C. M. (2004) An experimental study of phase equilibria in the systems H2O-CO2-CaCl2 and H2O-CO2-NaCl at high pressures and temperatures (500-800 degrees C, 0.5-0.9 GPa): geological and geophysical applications. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 146(4), 450-462.

Hollis, J. & Harley, S.L., (2003). Alumina solubility in orthopyroxene coexisting with sapphirine and quartz. Contrib Mineral Petrology, 144, 473-483.

Harley, S.L., Thompson, P., Hensen, B.J. & Buick, I.S., (2002). Cordierite as a sensor of fluid conditions in high-grade metamorphism and crustal anatexis. J. Metamorphic Geology 20, 71-86.

Kelley S. P., Wartho J. A., and Elphick S.C. (2002) Experimental determinations of Ar diffusion and solubility in plagioclase and leucite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66(15A), A390-A390.

Thompson, P., Harley, S.L. & Carrington, D.P., (2002). Sodium and potassium in cordierite - a potential thermometer for melts ? European J Mineralogy, 14, 459-469.

Harley, S.L. & Carrington, D.P., (2001). The distribution of H2O between cordierite and granitic melt: H2O incorporation in cordierite and its application to high-grade metamorphism and crustal anatexis. J Petrology 42, 1595-1620.

Shmulovich K.I., Graham C.M. and Yardley B.W.D. (2001) Quartz, albite and diopside solubilities in H2O-NaCl and H2O-CO2 fluids at 0.5-0.9 GPa. Contrib Mineral Petrol 141: 95-108.

Thompson, P., Harley, S.L. & Carrington, D.P., (2001). H2O-CO2 partitioning between fluid, cordierite and granitic melt at 5 kbar and 900°C. Contrib Mineral Petrol 142, 107-118.

Shmulovich K. I. and Graham C. M. (1999) An experimental study of phase equilibria in the system H2O-CO2-NaCl at 800 degrees C and 9 kbar. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 136(3), 247-257.

Shmulovich K.I., Graham C.M. and Makkonen-Craig S.A. (1999) The melting of K-feldspar in H2O-CO2 and H2O-KCl fluids at 9 kbar, and the water activity in water-salt melts. Doklady Earth Sciences 365, 264-267, (in English, translated from Doklay Akademii Nauk. 365: 116-119).

Thompson P., Parsons I., Graham C. M., and Jackson B. (1998) The breakdown of potassium feldspar at high water pressures. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 130(2), 176-186.

Carrington, D.P. & Harley, S.L., (1996). Cordierite as a monitor of fluid and melt water contents in the lower crust: an experimental calibration. Geology, 24, 647-650.

Shmulovich K. I. and Graham C. M. (1996) Melting of albite and dehydration of brucite in H2O-NaCl fluids to 9 kbars and 700-900 degrees C: Implications for partial melting and water activities during high pressure metamorphism. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 124(3-4), 370-382.

Carrington, D.P. & Harley, S.L., (1995). The stability of osumilite in metapelitic granulites. J. Metamorphic Geology, 13, 613-625.

Carrington, D.P. & Harley, S.L., (1995). Partial melting and phase relations in high-grade metapelites: an experimental petrogenetic grid in the KFMASH system. Contrib. Miner. Petrol., 120, 270-291.

Shmulovich K.I., Sinogeikin S.V. and Graham C.M. (1995) Pressure dependence of water activity in the salt solutions at 700-900oC up to 9 kbar. Doklady Acad. Nauk. 343: 680-683.

Rubie D. C., Ross C. R., Carroll M. R., and Elphick S. C. (1993) Oxygen Self-Diffusion in Na2Si4O9 Liquid up to 10 Gpa and Estimation of High-Pressure Melt Viscosities. American Mineralogist 78(5-6), 574-582.

Graham C. M., Tareen J. A. K., McMillan P. F., and Lowe B. M. (1992) An Experimental and Thermodynamic Study of Cymrite and Celsian Stability in the System BaO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O. European Journal of Mineralogy 4(2), 251-269.

Paillat O., Elphick S.C., and Brown W. L. (1992) The Solubility of Water in NaAlSi3O8 Melts - a Reexamination of Ab-H2O Phase-Relationships and Critical-Behavior at High-Pressures. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 112(4), 490-500.

Welch M. D. and Graham C. M. (1992) An Experimental-Study of Glaucophanic Amphiboles in the System Na2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-SiF4 (NMASF) - Some Implications for Glaucophane Stability in Natural and Synthetic Systems at High-Temperatures and Pressures. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 111(2), 248-259.

Elphick S.C., Graham C. M., Walker F. D. L., and Holness M. B. (1991) The Application of Sims Ion Imaging Techniques in the Experimental-Study of Fluid Mineral Interactions. Mineralogical Magazine 55(380), 347.

Graham C. M. and Elphick S.C. (1990) A Reexamination of the Role of Hydrogen in Al-Si Interdiffusion in Feldspars. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 104(4), 481-491.

Elphick S.C. and Graham C. M. (1988) The Effect of Hydrogen on Oxygen Diffusion in Quartz - Evidence for Fast Proton Transients. Nature 335(6187), 243-245.

Elphick S.C., Graham C. M., and Dennis P. F. (1988) An Ion Microprobe Study of Anhydrous Oxygen Diffusion in Anorthite - a Comparison with Hydrothermal Data and Some Geological Implications. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 100(4), 490-495.

Elphick S.C., Dennis P. F., and Graham C. M. (1986) An Experimental-Study of the Diffusion of Oxygen in Quartz and Albite Using an Overgrowth Technique. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 92(3), 322-330.

Elphick S.C., Ganguly J., and Loomis T. P. (1985) Experimental-Determination of Cation Diffusivities in Aluminosilicate Garnets .1. Experimental Methods and Interdiffusion Data. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 90(1), 36-44.

Loomis T. P., Ganguly J., and Elphick S.C. (1985) Experimental-Determination of Cation Diffusivities in Aluminosilicate Garnets .2. Multicomponent Simulation and Tracer Diffusion-Coefficients. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 90(1), 45-51.

Other Experimental Publications:

The staff supporting the Experimental Geoscience Facility have a considerable background in diverse aspect of experimental rock physics, mineralogy, petrology and isotope geochemistry developed both at Edinburgh and other institutions both in the UK and worldwide.

Rickard D., Grimes S.T. , Butler I.B., Oldroyd A. and Davies K.L. (2007) Botanical Constraints on Pyrite Formation. Chemical Geology. 236, 228-246

Wolthers M., Butler I.B. and Rickard D (2007) Influence of arsenic on iron sulfide transformations. Chemical Geology. 236, 217-227

Asael D., Butler I.B., Matthews A., Rickard D. Bar-Matthews M. and Halicz L. (2006) 65Cu/63Cu fractionation during copper sulphide formation from iron sulphides in aqueous solution. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70 (18, Suppl.1), A23

Kay M. A., Main I. G., Elphick S.C., and Ngwenya B. T. (2006) Fault gouge diagenesis at shallow burial depth: Solution-precipitation reactions in well-sorted and poorly sorted powders of crushed sandstone. 2Earth and Planetary Science Letters 243(3-4), 607-614.

Klemme S, Günther D, Hametner K, Prowatke S, Zack T (2006) The partitioning of trace elements between ilmenite, ulvospinel, armalcolite and silicate melts with implications for the early differentiation of the moon, Chemical Geology, 234: 251-263

Prowatke S. and Klemme S. (2006) Rare earth element partitioning between titanite and silicate melts: Henry's law revisited. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70(19), 4997-5012.

Prowatke S. and Klemme S. (2006) Trace element partitioning between apatite and silicate melts. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70(17), 4513-4527.

Rickard D., Griffith A., Oldroyd A., Butler I.B., Lopez-Capel E., Manning D.A.C. and Apperley D.C. (2006) The composition of nanoparticulate mackinawite, tetragonal iron(II) monosulfide. Chemical Geology, 235(3-4), 286-298

Butler I.B., Archer C., Vance D., Oldroyd A., and Rickard D. (2005) Fe isotope fractionation on FeS formation in ambient aqueous solution. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 236(1-2), 430-442.

de Groot F. M. F., Glatzel P., Bergmann U., van Aken P. A., Barrea R. A., Klemme S., Havecker M., Knop-Gericke A., Heijboer W. M., and Weckhuysen B. M. (2005) 1s2p resonant inelastic X-ray scattering of iron oxides. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109(44), 20751-20762.

Klemme S. and Ahrens M. (2005) Low-temperature heat capacity of magnesioferrite (MgFe2O4). Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32(5-6), 374-378.

Klemme S., Prowatke S., Hametner K., and Gunther D. (2005) Partitioning of trace elements between rutile and silicate melts: Implications for subduction zones. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 69(9), 2361-2371.

Klemme S., van Miltenburg J. C., Javorsky P., and Wastin F. (2005) Thermodynamic properties of uvarovite garnet (Ca3Cr2Si3O12). American Mineralogist 90(4), 663-666.

Prowatke S. and Klemme S. (2005) Effect of melt composition on the partitioning of trace elements between titanite and silicate melt. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 69(3), 695-709.

Stalder R., Klemme S., Ludwig T., and Skogby H. (2005) Hydrogen incorporation in orthopyroxene: interaction of different trivalent cations. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 150(5), 473-485.

Wolthers M., Butler I.B., Rickard D., and Mason P. R. D. (2005) Arsenic uptake by pyrite at ambient environmental conditions: A continuous-flow experiment. In Advances in Arsenic Research, American Chemical Society Symposium Publication Vol. 915, pp. 60-76.

Archer C., Vance D., and Butler I.B (2004) Abiotic Zn isotope fractionations associated with ZnS precipitation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 68(11), A325-A325.

Butler I.B., Bottcher M. E., Rickard D., and Oldroyd A. (2004) Sulfur isotope partitioning during experimental formation of pynite via the polysulfide and hydrogen sulfide pathways: implications for the interpretation of sedimentary and hydrothermal pyrite isotope records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 228(3-4), 495-509.

Butler I.B., Archer C., Erlich S., Vance D., Matthews A., and Rickard D. (2004) Transition metal isotope fractionation on sulfide mineral precipitation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 68(11), A219-A219.

Ehrlich S., Butler I.B., Halicz L., Rickard D., Oldroyd A., and Matthews A. (2004) Experimental study of the copper isotope fractionation between aqueous Cu(II) and covellite, CuS. Chemical Geology 209(3-4), 259-269.

Klemme S. (2004) The influence of Cr on the garnet-spinel transition in the Earth's mantle: experiments in the system MgO-Cr2O3-SiO2 and thermodynamic modelling. Lithos 77(1-4), 639-646.

Klemme S. (2004) The influence of low-temperature phase transitions on thermodynamic properties of some spinels and garnets. Lithos 73(1-2), S58-S58.

Klemme S. and Van Miltenburg J. C. (2004) The entropy of zinc chromite (ZnCr2O4). Mineralogical Magazine 68(3), 515-522.

Song I., Elphick S.C., Main I. G., Ngwenya B. T., Odling N. W., and Smyth N. F. (2004) One-dimensional fluid diffusion induced by constant-rate flow injection: Theoretical analysis and application to the determination of fluid permeability and specific storage of a cored rock sample. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth 109(B5).

Song I. S., Elphick S.C., Odling N., Main I. G., and Ngwenya B. T. (2004) Hydromechanical behaviour of fine-grained calcilutite and fault gouge from the Aigion Fault Zone, Greece. Comptes Rendus Geoscience 336(4-5), 445-454.

Butler I.B., Bottcher M. E., Rickard D., and Oldroyd A. (2003) Sulfur isotope partitioning during pyrite formation. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society 225, U913-U913.

Butler I.B., Rickard D., Grimes S., and Oldroyd A. (2003) Nucleation and growth of pyrite on pyrite seeds. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society 225, U912-U913.

Butler I.B., Archer C., Rickard D., Vance D., and Oldroyd A. (2003) Fe isotope fractionation during Fe (II) monosulfide precipitation from aqueous solutions at pH 8 and ambient temperatures. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67(18), A51-A51.

Klemme S. and Dalpe C. (2003) Trace-element partitioning between apatite and carbonatite melt. American Mineralogist 88(4), 639-646.

Klemme S. and Meyer H. P. (2003) Trace element partitioning between baddeleyite and carbonatite melt at high pressures and high temperatures. Chemical Geology 199(3-4), 233-242.

Klemme S. and Van Miltenburg J. C. (2003) Thermodynamic properties of hercynite (FeAl2O4) based on adiabatic calorimetry at low temperatures. American Mineralogist 88(1), 68-72.

Ngwenya B. T., Kwon O., Elphick S.C., and Main I. G. (2003) Permeability evolution during progressive development of deformation bands in porous sandstones. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth 108(B7).

Ohfuji H., Butler I.B., and Rickard D. (2003) Experimental study of synthetic pyrite framboids and other morphologies. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67(18), A351-A351.

Ojala I. O., Ngwenya B. T., Main I. G., and Elphick S. C. (2003) Correlation of microseismic and chemical properties of brittle deformation in Locharbriggs sandstone. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth 108(B5).

Ehrenberg H., Knapp M., Baehtz C., and Klemme S. (2002) Tetragonal low-temperature phase of MgCr2O4. Powder Diffraction 17(3), 230-233. Klemme S., Blundy J. D., and Wood B. J. (2002) Experimental constraints on major and trace element partitioning during partial melting of eclogite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66(17), 3109-3123.

Klemme S. and van Miltenburg J. C. (2002) Thermodynamic properties of nickel chromite (NiCr2O4) based on adiabatic calorimetry at low temperatures. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 29(10), 663-667.

Ngwenya B. T., Main I. G., Elphick S.C., Crawford B. R., and Smart B. G. D. (2001) A constitutive law for low-temperature creep of water-saturated sandstones. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth 106(B10), 21811-21826.

Rickard D., Butler I.B., and Oldroyd A. (2001) A novel iron sulphide mineral switch and its implications for Earth and planetary science. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 189(1-2), 85-91.

Butler I.B. and Rickard D. (2000) Framboidal pyrite formation via the oxidation of iron (II) monosulfide by hydrogen sulphide. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64(15), 2665-2672.

Klemme S., Neill H. S. O., Schnelle W., and Gmelin E. (2000) The heat capacity of MgCr2O4, FeCr2O4, and Cr2O3 at low temperatures and derived thermodynamic properties. American Mineralogist 85(11-12), 1686-1693.

Klemme S. and O'Neill H. S. (2000) The effect of Cr on the solubility of Al in orthopyroxene: experiments and thermodynamic modelling. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 140(1), 84-98.

Klemme S. and O'Neill H. S. C. (2000) The near-solidus transition from garnet Iherzolite to spinel Iherzolite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 138(3), 237-248.

Main I. G., Kwon O., Ngwenya B. T., and Elphick S.C. (2000) Fault sealing during deformation-band growth in porous sandstone. Geology 28(12), 1131-1134.

Ngwenya B. T., Elphick S. C., Main I. G., and Shimmield G. B. (2000) Experimental constraints on the diagenetic self-sealing capacity of faults in high porosity rocks. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 183(1-2), 187-199.

Skelton A. D. L. and Elphick S.C. (1999) The detection of water-wetting in salt-rock by impedance measurement. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 174(1-2), 1-5.

Klemme S. and O'Neill H. S. (1997) The reaction MgCr2O4+SiO2=Cr2O3+MgSiO3 and the free energy of formation of magnesiochromite (MgCr2O4). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 130(1), 59-65.

Elphick S.C., Ngwenya B. T., and Shimmield G. B. (1996) Ion microprobe imaging as a tool for elucidating waterflood reactions. AAPG Bulletin-American Association of Petroleum Geologists 80(5), 713-720.

Klemme S., Vanderlaan S. R., Foley S. F., and Günther D. (1995) Experimentally Determined Trace and Minor Element Partitioning between Clinopyroxene and Carbonatite Melt under Upper-Mantle Conditions. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 133(3-4), 439-448.

Ngwenya B. T., Elphick S. C., and Shimmield G. B. (1995) Reservoir Sensitivity to Water Flooding - an Experimental-Study of Seawater Injection in a North-Sea Reservoir Analog. AAPG Bulletin-American Association of Petroleum Geologists 79(2), 285-304.

Butler I.B., Schoonen M. A. A., and Rickard D. T. (1994) Removal of Dissolved-Oxygen from Water - a Comparison of 4 Common Techniques. Talanta 41(2), 211-215.